human Ecology
Man-made environment
Human Ecology (English: Human Ecology) is an interdisciplinary science that studies interdependence relationships with humans, human societies and the natural environment of man-made environment. The development of this branch of science is the result of the change in the contemplation of many scriptures simultaneously in the beginning of the twentieth century. This science is based on biology, ecology, sociology, economics and geography for its study materials and methods and principles.
The term "human ecology" was first used by Ellen Swallow Richards in his article "Sanitation in Daily Life", in which he described it as "the study of the effects of human environment surrounding human environment" As defined in the form. "
Famous geographer Harlan H. Barry strongly supported the development of human geography as a human ecology in the annual session of the Association of American Geographers in 1922.
In the current perspective, changes in environment (which is a ecosystem) and its impact on human, ecological study of human health, social concerns, sustainability of economic actions, evaluation of nature-provided ecosystem services and the development of ecological economics, the origin of human ecology Are study subjects.
historical development
Even after the innovation of human ecology, even the core points of ecological thinking can be marked in the knowledge and thinking of ancient civilizations. In modern times, the word ecology was first used by Ernest Haakel in 1866 and they tried to define something like "economics of nature".
Human ecology is the discipline that inquires into the patterns and process of interaction of humans with their environments. Human values, wealth, life-styles, resource use, and waste, etc. must affect and be affected by the physical and biotic environments along urban-rural gradients. The nature of these interactions is a legitimate ecological research topic and one of increasing importance.- मैकडोनेल
Even in the current perspective, ecology is not just a branch of biology but an anthropology as well. The result of Darwin's evolutionary thinking was overwhelming in every field and it was established as an important part of human adjustment from the natural environment.
Herbert Spencer, who coined the phrase "survival of the fittest", was among some early thinkers who attempted to see society interacting with its environment as a living organism. He in one way prepared the role of establishing a relationship between sociology and ecology. In the development of human ecology, geography and social biology have contributed greatly at the end of the nineteenth century. The credit for the introduction of human ecology studies in the field of social science is given to Park, Burgess, Huntington and McKenzie. At the same time Harlan Bairoz advocated human geography as a human ecology.
The ecology of ecology from biology has often neglected human elements and human ecology, but the history of human ecology has always been a man-centered study.
Paul Sears is a leading scholar who used concepts of human ecology to study the boundaries of population explosion, carrying capacity and growth. According to Sears, "When we as a profession learn to diagnose the total landscape, but as an expression of it, and to share our special knowledge as widely as we can, we need not fear that our work will be ignored or that our efforts will be unappreciated. " Ecological services This section is empty, that is not sufficiently detailed or incomplete. You are welcome to help! Also see them
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