Malik Ambar

Malik Amber

Malik Ambar was born in 1549 in a negro family. In childhood, after being enslaved, he was taken to Baghdad market and sold to Khwaja Pir Baghdad. Khwaja Malik went to South India along with Amber, where he was bought by Nizamshah I, the Minister of the First, Changze Khan. Malik Ambar's wisdom was sharp, nature-talented and generous, so he did not hesitate to get the fame than other slaves. Staying in the protection of Genghis Khan, he got the opportunity to understand Nizamshahi politics and military management. Due to the accidental death of Genghis Khan, he stumbled in the Nizamshahi state for some time. Seeing the black clouds being overturned on the Nizam Shahi state, and with fear of factionalism and constant attacks of the Mughals, he hoped to get fame, he went to Bijapur and Golconda. But even when these states did not get enough privilege, till then he was with Ahabnagar Came back He was recruited in the army and he was appointed by the Amang Khn as the head of 150 horsemen. He reached Chanar with his patron and started harassing Mughal invaders. By raiding enemy camps, he used to loot the logistics and enter his territory. Thus gradually his reputation grew.

But when the Mughals took over Ahmadnagar and the Nizamshahi kingdom was taking their last breath, then Malik Ambar had an opportunity to introduce his indomitable courage, strength and qualities. With the help of the Marathas, he built an army and installed a new capital in Parinda by placing a person named Ali, the Nizamshahi family. By rearranging the deprived state and rendering the atmosphere of peace, it created a new awakening. The Nizamshahi kingdom was again oriented toward dominance and austerity. The situation was favorable to him. Due to the sudden rebellion of Prince Salim, it was mandatory to withdraw from the south of the Mughal army. As such, Malik Ambar started exercising himself on the territories conquered by the Mughals and captured Ahmednagar, almost all the southern part. But soon he had to face another difficulty. Saadat Khan, who was the Nizamshahi Sardar, accepted the submission of the Mughals. Seeing this, one of his followers, Raju, got his right over his official territory and started fighting against the Mughals. He also came to Parenda but joined other Nizamshahi sevaks. But due to not getting a promising position, he went back to his state and started from there to instigate Nizamshah against Ambar. As a result, Ambar and Raju both became enemies of each other. But continue to fight both of the Mughals in their areas. In spite of this, Malik Amber's condition became stronger until 1605.

He took away the whole of Ahmednagar from the state and left Parenda and made a new capital in Junnar. He defeated Raju and made him a prisoner and then drove him to death, and took control over his manor. Taking the Mughals, he chewed the food to the iron gram. Jahangir got angry at the failure of his army laborer, and the duncheon was called in the court to find out the cause. After reaching Agra, the foodstuff gave the details of the uneven situation, and hence, he was sent back to the South with the intention of suppressing the growing power of Malik Ambar.

Malik Ambar now took help from Bijapur and Golkonda and broke down on the Mughals. He failed the dungeon's plan. By being constrained, the emperor sent the Prince and Asaf Khana along with a large army to South but did not get any success. Malik Ambar's power increased day by day and in 1610, the problem became so serious that Asaf Khan requested the emperor to fall in his own way. Jahangir considered this suggestion and thought of going south but other rich did not support it. Now the responsibility of the solution of the problem of the South is the responsibility that was entrusted to me. But before that he reached there, with the help of his sons, in the rainy season Malik Ambar planned a sudden assault and attacked him. Malik Ambar was sitting ready. He rescued the sixteen Mughals and forced the dungeon to return to Burhanpur. He also had to sign a treaty. Subsequently, Malik Amber took control over the adjacent territories of Ahmadnagar and encroached on his fort and snatched him. Except for some parts of Barar and Valkataka, almost the entire Nizamshahi kingdom, on which the Mughals had acquired their rights in 1600-1601, is now stripped of Malik Ambar from his hands and gave the revival to the state of Nizamshahi dynasty.

Khan, where Lodi reached the state, tried to get acquainted with the atmosphere there. He suggested to the emperor that he should be given the responsibility of the army chief to remove the food box. He pledged that if his proposal was accepted, he would establish the Mughal power within two years on the states of Ahmednagar and Bijapur. Jahangir accepted his words and gave him abundant wealth and army. However, when he landed in front of Malik Amber, he felt that although the sword of the enemy is not heavy with his sword, however, the manner of fighting him must be unique. To say it means that he too bowed in front of Malik Ambar and his pride was shattered. With the intention of defeating Malik Ambar, the Emperor made a huge plan whose aim was to make a military campaign with Ahmadnagar simultaneously and round the Malik Amber and destroy his power. But this plan also proved to be unsuccessful and the royal army got upset and ran away. For the purpose of recovering the lost prestige, the food was sent back to the South region. He reached there in 1612 AD. It was fortunate that at this time the internal divisions were spread in the court of Nizam Shah. By benefiting from this situation, he bribed several Southern warlords in his favor. Although Malik Ambar had the support of Bijapur and Golkonda, he did not do anything against diplomacy and the entire army. In 1616, he lost the battle. The winners destroyed Kirchis by destroying them. Although the Khanaakhana had reinstated the Mughal status to a certain extent, but he would continue to accuse him of bribery. That is why the emperor sent Prince Khurram along with a large army to the South region. The arrival of Rajkumar has caused panic among southern states. Soon, the kings of Bijapur and Golkonda made a treaty with the Mughals. In such a situation, while Malik Amber became friendless, there was no other way than bowing before him. Therefore, he handed over the area of ​​Balaghat and the fort of Ahmednagar to the Mughals and thus saved Nizamshahi kingdom from disappearance.

For the next two years, he kept quietly gathering his resources. Here a huge fire of hostility flows into the Mughal army. Therefore, Malik Ambar re-established Golconda and Bijapur together with the Mughal anti-establishment association. In violation of the provisions of the treaty two years ago, it broke down on the Mughal territories, and within the short period of three months, it captured most of Mughlai Ahmednagar and Berar. He not only robbed Balapur but also surrounded him. Continuing his fight against the retreating Mughal forces in Burhanpur, he grew up to Burhanpur. Plowed out the city and looted the neighboring region. Not only that, he entered Malwa and raided Mandu. With this, the fame of the Mughals in the north and south regions of Narmada felt very shocking.

Seeing the situation continued to be severe, the Khanaakhana repeatedly solicited military aid. The emperor ordered Rajkumar Shah Jahan to go south with the army. As soon as he reached there, the atmosphere started changing rapidly. His army covered the country of enemy like the storm. Marathas ran away from Mandu and the enemy had to evacuate the fort from Burhanpur. The Mughals now raided Kirki. Probably Nizam Shah would have been in the hands of invaders including his family, but Malik Ambar sent those people to Daulatabad. After going through Kirki, the Mughal army reached Ahmednagar and freed him from the circle. Malik Ambar was watching his misfortune activity from the fort of Daulatabad.

Due to some adverse circumstances Shah Jahan did not want to move this war forward. That is why it is considered proper to make a treaty. Malik Ambar returned all the area which he had taken away from the Mughals in the last two years. In addition, 14 kosas were given near land. The three southern princely states promised to pay 50 lakh rupees as taxes, 20 lakh Golconda and the remaining 12 lakh Ahmednagar. Thus, with great difficulty, Malik Ambar recovered the Nizamshahi kingdom from the mouth of time. But his plight did not end. Yet his courage did not diminish.

Shah Jahan rebelled against his father and created a political earthquake in the Mughal Empire. Therefore, when he was defeated in the north, he reached the southern state and asked for help from Malik Ambar, then Malik Ambar refused to accept the enemy's empire. But there was a policy behind this. There was a quarrel between Nizam Shah and Adilshah about Solapur. He had the hope of receiving the sympathy of the Mughals. Therefore, when Mahavat Khan followed the Shah Jahan, reaching the southern region, Adilshah and Malik Amber both prayed for Mughal assistance. For some time, Mahavat Khan kept both of them in a dilemma, but then Shahjahan fled to Bengal, then the Mughal general promised to give assistance to Adilshah. But soon he had to go to Bengal.

Malik Ambar took full advantage of this opportunity. To protect the Nizamshah, he sent his family to Daulatabad and took the army along the Golconda border. By treating the money with the Qutb Shah, they broke down on the Adilshahi region. By taking possession of the desired places, he started looting towards Bijapur and started moving forward. Adilshah asked for help from the Mughals. In the Battle of Bhatwadi, the Mughal Adilshahi army fought against Malik Ambar. But on 15 June 1625, Malik Ambar beat them badly. This success enhanced his success and kirti. Now he started becoming a skilled commander, politician and manager. His courage and resources also flourished. Consequently, he again took possession of Ahmednagar and Sholapur on his lenght and his commander, Yakut Khan, encircled the fort of Burhanpur. At this time, Mahavat Khan followed the Shahjahan and reached south again. Yakut Khan removed his army from Burhanpur. Malik Amber did not hesitate to give protection to Shah Jahan this time. Both the joint forces surrounded Burhanpur, but no success was achieved. After some time Shah Jahan put arms and dedicated himself to him. In such a situation, it was difficult for Malik Ambar to face the Mughals. Therefore, he removed the army from the fort of Burhanpur. Next year, he got an opportunity to compete with the Mughals. Jahangir was diseased at this time. Noor Jahan's compulsion forced Mahavat Khan to revolt, and the entire royal forces were engaged in suppressing the revolt of Mahavat Khan. There was no skilled commander in the South. Before his movement of his forces against the Mughals or against Adilshah, death closed his eyes on May 14, 1615 at the age of eighty years. Tomb of Malik Amber (in 1860)

From 1601 to 1626, Malik Ambar introduced his talent, indomitable courage, efficiency and military tactics. Such a rare example will be found in Indian history when a common man has given a new life to a wretched state. Malik Ambar's talent was versatile. He was a well-behaved commander, along with a skilled politician and a prudent ruler. He invented a new military system by properly evaluating the military attitude of the Marathas. By promoting Todd Mal's landmark system in his state, he not only made the Nation rich prosperous but also provided happiness to the public. He settled his capital in Kirki and here he built many mosques, palaces and gardens. Canals for irrigation are also used. Mahawal Pass, Door Nakhuda Palace, Kala Chabutra Deewan-e-Mango and Diwan-e-Khas, who today appear as ruins, proves their feelings. He provided protection to both knowledge and scholars. A lot of scholars from Arabia came and he encouraged them. One of them was Ali Haider, who composed the book "Iq Al Jawahar" on the biographers of the famous saints of 11th Century Hijri. He also gave shelter to scholars from Persia. He established Chitkhan in Kirki where many Hindu and Muslim scholars used to study severely different branches of knowledge. Also see them

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