Maharajganj district
निर्देशांक: 26°16′11″N 83°7′12″E / 26.26972°N 83.12000°E / 26.26972; 83.12000
Maharajganj is a district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The headquarters of the district is Maharajganj. It is located near the Indo-Nepal border. Its district headquarters is located in Maharajganj city. Earlier this place was known as 'Karapath'. This district is located in the north of Nepal, south of Gorakhpur district, east of Kushinagar district and west of Siddharth Nagar and San Kabir Nagar district. Historically, this is a very important place. History
It is a challenging task to reorganize the history of Maharajganj district, which came into existence on October 2, 1989, on the holy day of Mahatma Gandhi's birth anniversary. In ancient Indian literature there are few mention of this area, after taking a rational assessment in such a situation, after the proper review of available literary and archaeological sources, it is impossible to present the history of this district indisputably. Still, an attempt to recreate its glorious past is the best of this article.
In the epic period, this area was known as Kaarpath, which was a part of the Kosal kingdom. It seems that the oldest emperor to rule this region was Ikshvaku, whose capital was Ayodhya. After Ikshvaku, this dynasty was divided into several small states and made his son Kush the King of Kushwati, whose modern Samata was established along with Kushinagar. After the world renunciation of Rama, Kush abandoned Kushavati and returned to Ayodhya. From Balmiki Ramayana, it would have been known that Laxman son Chandraket, the MLA's successor, later started operating the governance of this entire area.
It is mentioned in the Mahabharata that Bhimsen was entrusted with the responsibility of conquering the predecessor areas on the occasion of Rajshu Yagya, edited by Yudhishtir. Consequently, Bhimsen won the state named Gopalak. Accepted with Gopalpur in Bansgaon. It appears that the southern part of present-day Maharajganj district would have been impressed by this victory journey of Bhimsen fairly.
After the era of Mahabharata, there was a revolutionary change in this entire area. Several small republican states came under the rule of the Kosala state, where the kingdom of Kolikas of Kapilavastu and the Kolgis of Ramgram were also detailed in the boundaries of the present Maharajganj district. The problem of identifying Ramgram, capital of the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Kolyas, is still entangled. Dr. Ram Bali Pandey has attempted to integrate Ramgram with Ramgarh Tal near the Gorakhpur, but modern research has made this problem out of bounds.
Koli was also related to the town named Devdah. In the Buddhist texts, the mother of Lord Gautam Buddha Mahamaya, Mousi Mahaprajapati Gautami and wife Bhadra Kathyayani (Yashodhara) have been related to Devdah Nagar. Remains of a town, fort and stupa have been available on 88.8 acres of land in Bansih-Kala, situated near the market place of Maharajganj district. From the initial excavation done under the leadership of Dr. Lal Chandra Singh in 1992, the remains of the North Krishna Narayan Mraddam (NBP) character - tradition from the lower level of the mound have been available here. Former President of the History Department of Gorakhpur University, Dr. C. Chatterjee urged to identify Goddhah with Barasaha Arts only. In the Maharajganj dated 27-2-97, Dr. Shivaji proposed to equate this place with Goddah in the Aizajit Devdah-Ramgram Mahotsav. In Sinhalese texts Devdah is said to be located near Lumbini. It appears that Devdah would have been located on the east side of the line joining Kapilavastu and Lumbini. Mr. Vijay Kumar has expressed the possibility of being situated in Devdah's Dhirrah and Trilokpur district. In the libraries, the description of Maharaja Anjan of Devdah is received. Whose nahititra was Gautam Buddha. Prof. Dayanath Tripathi is of the opinion that Maharaj Anjan's mathamabhoomi became distorted in the form of the moon and became the form of Maharajganj and finally Maharajganj. The Persian language is used in the sense of Ganj Sharka Market, Grain Market, Treasures or Treasury, which has become associated with the Ganj word during the Muslim period due to the treasury or the main selling center of Maharaja Anjan. Whose archival proof is also available. It is known that in the Mathura stone article of Shodas, an official named Ganjwar is clearly mentioned.
In the sixth century AD, like the other republics in the East, the Kolyat Republic was also situated as a surefood geographical entity. The governance here was governed by the decision of some elite citizens. Through the system of government and process of the then republic, it is clearly certified that the democracy Buddha was very popular. The evidence is gracious in the active and effective role of Mahatma Buddha in resolving the dispute arising out of the water bottles of Rohini river water between the sharks and colonies described in Buddhist gurus. It is also proved by this incident that residents of this region were very conscious of agricultural activity since ancient times. From the purpose of obtaining a part of their sacred relics after the Paradise of Kushinagar, the messenger of the district police reached the Kushinagar. Kolis had created a stupa in Ramgram on the sacred remains of Lord Buddha, which was mentioned by Fahian and Hwansang in his description. From the book Nayyavivali-Sutra, it is known that when Kishal Naresh Ajatshatru attacked Vaishali's elicants, at that time, the Lichichi Ganaprakash Sathak had called for eighteen republics to fight against Ajatshatru. This union was also included in the Koliya Republic.
The process of political integration began after the sixth century B.C., with the ultimate culmination of Ashoka being the continuous weapon of the Kalinga war, by the fact that it was by Bananjali. This entire region of Maharajganj district was subject to the Nandas and Maurya emperors. Fahian and Hansang referred to Emperor Ashoka's Ramgram and tried to remove the metals of Ramgram Stupa. It is described in the Buddha Charit (28/66) written by Ashwoghosh that he had abandoned his resolve by moving forward in the nearby Kund and saving the stupa from the prayer of serpent.
The era between the fall of the power of Magadha before the rise of Gupta is like the dark age of the historical events of the district. It appears that Kushanas had succeeded in establishing rule over this region. After the Kushanas, this region went under the control of the Guptas. In the beginning of the fourth century AD, the majority of the district was included in the state of Chandragupta I, which established a marital relationship with Lichchavi princess Kumaradevi and created an unprecedented expansion of its power and boundary. During the reign of Chandragupta II Vikramaditya, the area of this district was included in Shravasti Mukti. The Chinese traveler Fahian (400-411 AD) also visited Kapilavastu and Ramgram in the order of pilgrimages. He has mentioned nearby forests and ruins.
After the Gupta period, this region remained under the control of Mokharis and Harsh. In the reign of Harsha, Hansang (630-644 AD) also performed trips to Wipalvan and Ramgram. After Harsh, some parts of this district got the right to fill. From Kahlon records obtained from a place called Dhuriapur in Gorakhpur, it is known that in the 9th century AD, the southern part of the Maharajganj district was included in the Shravasti Mukti of Gujjar pratahar Naresh, where he established the power of Kalchuris in general. According to the martyrdom, the famous Tharu King Mansen or Madan Singh, known for his immense wealth of Atul Aishwarya, ruled from 900-950 Gorakhpur and its adjoining areas. It is possible that his state is also joining the southern borders of the Maharajganj district. After the fall of the Gurjar prataharas, Lakshman Karna (1041-10720), the ruler of Kaluchur-Vrisht of Tripuri, had overtaken the majority of the territory of this district. But it seems that his son and successor Yashkarna 1073-1120 got the rights to this area. From the sources of information, it is known that Govind Chandra Gharhwal was circulated to State Disorder of 1114-1154 AD. The majority of Maharajganj district in the state must have been involved in it fairly. Two records of Govind Chandra received from Magadiha (Gaga) and Dhuriapar of Gorakhpur district confirm the above fact. With the defeat of Govind Chand's grandchild Jaychandra (1170-1194 AD) in 1194 by Muhammad Ghori, the power of the Gahrwalla was abolished from this region and the local people took the rule of his own.
In the last phase of 12th century AD, when Muhammad Ghauri and his successor Qutbuddin Aibak were engaged in reinforcing their newly established power in northern India, the area of the local Rajput castes was established on this area. The eldest son of Chandrasena Shrineta took control of a large territory in the form of the king of Satasi, which also included some part of the Maharajganj district. After this, the local Rajput kings remained dominant in this region till the time of Firoz Shasha Tughlaq. Under the leadership of Uday Singh, the local Rajput kings gifted gifts, gifts and assistance to the Chishi army near Gorakhpur. In 1394 AD, Mahmud Tashee Tughlaq sat on the throne of Delhi. He appointed Malik Sarwar Khwaja where he was appointed as the Subedar of Jaunpur. Who first collected this area and taxed it from here. Shortly after this, Malik Sarwar declared his independence against the Delhi Sultanate and established the Shaki-Dynasty in Jaunpur and established his domination over Gorakhpur as well as on the vast land of this district.
In the war of Panipat in 1526 AD, with the defeat of Ibrahim Lodi by Babar, the power of the Mughal dynasty was established in India, but neither Babar nor his son and successor Humayun made any attempt to take over the area. Could In 1556 AD, Emperor Akbar paid attention to this. He tried to establish the dominance of the Mughals on this area while suppressing the revolts of Khana Jaman (Ali Coolie Khan). After the death of Khan Jaman in 1567 AD, Akbar handed over the jagir Munim Khan of Jaunpur. During the time of Munim Khan, peace and order was established in this area. Akbar reconstituted his community and included Gorakhpur area in five governments of the province of Awadh, under the Gorakhpur Government, the Chabis Mahal was included, in which the palaces of Vinayakpur and Tilpur situated in present Maharajganj district were also included. Here was the right to the sun-worshipers of Rajputs. The construction of forts constructed from bricks on the headquarters of these palaces was constructed to protect the border. Vinayakpur Palace provided 400 horse and 3000 posts for the army. While the Tilpur palace sent 100 AD and 2000 feet. Under Tilpur Mahal, 9006 Bigha land was done on agriculture and its market value was fixed at four lakhs. In the Vinayak Mahal, the arable land was 13858 bigha and its market value was 6 lakhs. The fort located in Tilpur, whose current parity is established with Nirvrol, has been mentioned in the immortality of Abul-Fazal in Ain-e-Akbari.
After the death of Akbar, in 1610 AD, Jahangir handed over the land to Afzal Khan. This area remained then dominated by the Mughals. In the beginning of eighteenth century AD, this region was part of the Gorakhpur government in the province of Oudh. From this time on till the establishment of the Nawab rule in Awadh, the real dominance of this region was of the Rajput kings, which have been clearly mentioned by Veena in his endowment report. On September 9, 1722 AD, Sadat Khan was made a Nawab of Awadh and a military officer of Gorakhpur. Sadat Khan campaigned against the Tilaksane of the Bukkal Gharana, which started terrorizing the local kings located in the Gorakhpur area and initially making a panic in the Maharajganj region, but did not achieve complete success in this work.
Sadat Khan died on March 19, 1739, and Safdarjung was the nawab of Awadh. He sent an army in the northern part of the then Gorakhpur (present day Maharajganj), who defeated the son of Tilakasena of Butwal and collected the money from him. After this there were sporadic conflicts in both the sides and finally after the 20 years of long struggle, the ruler of Bukkal surrendered.
Safdarjang died on 5 October 1754 and his son and successor, Shujaydaula, became the Nawab of Awadh. During this period, an environment of happiness and prosperity arose in this region. Dr Ashivardi Lal Srivastava has specifically mentioned the aromatic and aromatic rice produced in this region during his reign. At that time eighty percent of the population was working in agriculture. Shujauddaula died on January 26, 1775, and his son sat on the Asafdaula gaddi. In his regime, local rulers were unable to crush the growing power of the markets.
The expenditure on the use of the company's army by various treaties was growing continuously over the period. Consequently, on November 10, 1801, the Nawab gave the company to Gorakhpur area along with some other areas for the release of debt from the company. As a result of this treaty, the area of present Maharajganj also went under the authority of the company. The rule of this entire area was assigned to the collector named Routledge. Which marked the chaos, unrest and rebellion everywhere.
Taking advantage of Gorakhpur's current disorder, the Gorkhas started to strengthen their position in the border areas of present-day Maharajganj and Siddharthnagar. Under encroachment of Vinayakpur and Tilpur, their encroachment took place rapidly, which, in fact, had compromised thirty two thousand thousand rupees annually for the protection of its untouchability in this district with the collector of Butwal. Later the British made the prisoners free for not paying them the money. In 1805 AD, the Gorkhas took control over Butwal and after the exile of the British, Butwal killed Naresh in Kathmandu. Until 1806 AD, this region had been occupied by most of the land in the Gorkhas. Even in 1810-11, he went to Gorakhpur and authorized some villages near Pali. To liberate this entire region from Gorkhas, British Army under the leadership of Major JS Wood attacked Butawall.
Wood possibly reached Betwal on January 3, 1815, while getting ridiculous. Butt, under the leadership of Vajpayee, the Gorakhs had prepared for the war, but the English became aware of the army in the Gorakhkas mountains. Wood was unable to defeat them. Meanwhile, the Gorakhs attacked Tilip and Wood had to return to Tilpur to face them. Due to his demolition policy, Gorkhas kept fighting in this entire area and kept living the lives of the citizens. Even wood fired on Butwal on April 17, 1815 for several hours, but his expected result was not taken. Subsequently, the second campaign was taken to liberate Terai-based from Gorakh under the leadership of Col. Nicholas. The pressure made by the Colonel Nicholas over the Gorakhs, on November 28, 1815, was a treaty of the famous Sagauli between the British and the Gorakhs but later began to get intoxicated in accepting the treaty of the Gorkhik treaty. After all, after decisively defeated by the Actor Loni, on March 4, 1816, Nepal-Narendra granted the treaty to it. As a result of this treaty, Nepal abandoned its right to the Terai region and this area was incorporated under the rule of the company.
The first freedom struggle of 1857 communicated new life in this area. In July, 1857, the land of the landowners declared the end of the British state. King Rinalocen of Nicholal led the movement against the British. Upon the rebellion in Sugauli on 26th July, Colonel Routon of Vanuard (the then Judge of Gorakhpur) wrote a letter to reach there very quickly, who was passing through Kathmandu with three thousand Gorkha soldiers moving towards Gorakhpur, for the efforts of Gorkha Despite this, the Vaniyard was unable to suppress the movement completely. Consequently, he handed over the administration of Gorakhpur district to Satasi and the king of Gopalpur. But the agitators could not keep the area free for a long time and the British again took the area under full control. King Kamlesh of Nicholal was deprived of the title of the pre-designated King, not only because he led the agitators but also the pension given to him in 1845 AD was stripped.
After the first independence movement of 1857 AD, this area was also directly under British rule by the Queen Victoria's manifesto in November 1858. Even during the British rule, the difficulties of general public could not be overcome. Despite various land settlements, the farmers could not get any right over their land, while the landlord continued to be endowed with the exploitation of laborers and farmers. The gap between the farmer and the landowner increased.
In 1920, Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement, which also had an impact on this area. On 8th February, 1921, Gandhi came to Gorakhpur, thereby enthusiasm for the struggle against the British Raj in the people of this region. Pond trees pitted against liquor shops were cut off. Excommunication clothing was boycotted and his Holi was burnt. Khadi fabric is promoted. On October 2, 1922, Gandhiji's birth anniversary was celebrated with enthusiasm throughout this region.
In 1923, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru visited this area, leading to the formation of Congress committees. In October 1929, Gandhi again made extensive visits to this area. On October 4, 1929, ten thousand devotees welcomed him on the Railway Stations. On 5 October 1929 Gandhiji addressed a bishop public meeting in Maharajganj. This journey of Mahatma Gandhi brought new energies to the devotees of this region, whose impact was seen in the civil disobedience movements of 1930-34.
This region played an important role even during the Salt Satyagraha of 1930 AD. Satyagraha, strike meeting and procession were organized against salt law. In the year 1931, against the atrocities of the collectors, the people here participated in the Kisan movement. At the same time, Mr. Shibbana Saxena took the lead of farmer-laborers of Purvanchal by abandoning the position of spokesman of St. Andrews College on the call of Mahatma Gandhi. In 1931, Saxena ji established the ree-union, which got ready to fight for the protection of sugarcane growers and workers' interests. In May 1937, Pt. Govind Vallabh Pant came here and addressed a public meeting. Pandit Nehru came here again in February 1940 and laid the foundation stone of Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial School.
1942 AD is known for the consciousness of a transitional change in Indian history. This consciousness was also communicated in this area and this area was also ready to go through. At this time, the leadership of Shibiban Lal Saxena was leading the movement here. The British were leaving India and the slogan of 'Karo or Die' was being included in the voice of the people. During the August Revolution, Shibbana Lal Saxena was shot during his arrest in Gurdodhwa Gram, but when the bullet got out of his shoulder, he got the landowner who had captured Saxena ji. Mr. E.V.D., District Collector, Gorakhpur On 27th August, 1942, on the 27th of August, 1942, a gunfight was organized on unarmed and principled citizens in the Xinpur Gabdua village, in which two priests named Sukhraj Kurmi and Zhenku Kurmi became heroes. Kashyinath Kurmi, who was hurt by a police bullet, died in jail in 1943. Saxena ji was sentenced to 26 months rigorous imprisonment and 26 months in a hanging case for the conspiracy to create a conspiracy against British Raj. Contribution to the freedom movement
In the Maharajganj district, the freedom struggle was started in 1931 by the founding of Professor Shibiban Lal Saxena. In its earlier district, the landlords were dominated. These landlords include Mr. Laxmishankar, Mr. Laxmansh Prasad Tiwari of Rampur Baldaa and Mr. Naval Kishore Singh of Siswan Bazar and Mr. Paramahansh Singh, Mr. Bhagwati Prasad Singh of Rajwal and Karmaha, Shishu, Karimahi Mishra, Pandey of Mohanpur, Nandhara K. Tiwari ji, Bharat clan of Mishraji, Chaubeji of Baloykhor, Chabee of Pokidi and Shri Chandrasekhar Mishra of Gadra etc. Is distressed. In addition to this, Gorakhpur resident Purushottam Das Rais and Mr. Chattarbuj Das have also landlords.
Against the atrocities of Mahatma Gandhi's 1930 Salt Satyagraha and the landlords in 1931, the people here took part in the leadership of Prof. Shibiban Lal Saksana. In 1930, Prof. Saxena ji started the movement against the landlords and the British rule by establishing a reed union.
Prof. Saxena ji started the work of Janajagranan in the entire district with its workers Sarv Sri Sudama Prasad, Kapildev Pandey, Narasimha Narayan Pandey, Ramanuj Pandey, Hausal Prasad Tripathi 'Pathika Ji' Abdul Rauf Lari, Duryodhan Prasad. Opposed the landlords and formed a panchayat of its supporters in village-village. Apart from this, Shri Ram Dayal Bhagat of Sarv Shree Radheshayam Kesaravani, Harishankar Prasad Gupta, Ram Prasad Bhalotia, Manohar Lal Baidya, Chillara, Nandu Nand Kishore Jaiswal, Madan Pandey Siswa Bazar, Sevaliya Techie, Sekhui Mr. Ram Dayal Bhagat, Shri Karmi Shri Shri Tilak Chaudhary of Raghunandan, Kesariari and Sukai Bhagat Durgavlia, Mr. Janaki Sharan Tiwari of Baluahi (whose area of work Th pit and the market is) and do not have to jump in the freedom struggle of India ghughali the munsi chatradhari with red and more people.
The British rulers and their allies used to be atrocities on the landlords and the Congress workers and the people in the English rule, but many tortures. In May 1931, the landlords of Kharsarari, a village called Prabhibababan Lal Saxena's garbage, looted that the people of the people were coming to rent at Rs 4 per bigha at the place of two or two rupees. This matter, Mahatma Gandhi lifted up at the Goose's Conference in England. As a result, Baba Raghvadas ji was appointed five for the disposal of this matter. In the atmosphere of Satyagraha, in 1941, Shri Ram Prasad, the eldest son of Parmahar Singh, the landlord of Siswa participated in Satyagraha and joined the Congress party.
In 1942, Prof. Saxena ji made trolley for public awakening in the area to accelerate the non-cooperation movement. Seeing the enthusiasm of Xibandu Gabdua village in the freedom struggle, Prof. Saxena made Mr. Kashyinath of the village Mr. Ramdev, the leader of the group of Banitatha village. On the night of August 26, 42, the landlord Harpur Mahant Shri Mahendranand Giri planned to capture Prof Saxena in the possible meeting of the movement, but Saxena did not meet in Gusaduvua, Jupiter, and did not meet in a parasitic night. Bakhlaya landlords looted and shot in the village on August 27, 42, in which death of Mr. Sukhraj and Junku died. Wounded Mr. Kashi died in jail in 1943. All Shri Ramdev, Janakraj, Trilok, Tilakdhari, Ramdhari, Shivdutt, Sarju, Harivans, Ramjatan and Nagi were captured by the police and also took the dead bodies of the revolutionaries. The captured revolutionaries were sentenced on September 29, 423 and 147 under Tajriat Hind for one year and sentenced to 12-12 beetle.
When the Mashal of revolution was eroded, it spread to the area and proceeded under the supervision of local leaders in all the parts. Mr. Sudama Prasad, a trusted worker of Prof. Saxena, who later became the MLA, took charge against Lehda's British landlord. Publishing the booklet of atrocities of the landlord, the public distributed in general. Shri Purnamasi and Shri Ram Lagan Dubey led the public in Nautanvan area and created public awakening for freedom.
Mr. Anjan Singh of Shim Deorwa, Mr. Hemraj of Parathawal, Mr. Sunbali Lal of Bhitoli, Shri Gogai of Rampur Baldeeh, Shivnandan, Yamuna Ram, Nageshwar Mauni of Sekhai, Shree Ram Lagan Dubey of Sesamusunder Basantpur, Bakunthpur-Maharajganj Shri Awadh Bihari, Shree Ramchandra Das of Sivan Raja, Mr. Chetan Das alias Chotakan Das of emptykagarh, Chokat of Girihiya, Mr. Kedar of Kanpur, Girhardi Lal, Mahabir Prasad, Dayanand, Fernda Khurd's Ayodhya Prasad, Gunda of Mundra art, Banjoli banni, Devendra Ganguly of Trivani Parataval of Rajwal, Chotu of Mahatma Suraj, Ramlakhan, Manik, Banarasi, Khutaha Bhim Tola, Chaurah Maupkad Munnar Prasad of, Uday Bhan Singh of Muzuri, Buddhist of Parsuni, Yogi Rajpat Pandey of Patengwa, Amar Nath Mishra of Maharajganj, Fernda Khurd Raghubar Yadav, Ruptapur of Muktinath Samura of Ruklapur, Rupesh of Sansva Bazaar, Vishwanath Singh of Sinsva Bazar; Badri of Mohanpur; Shridhu Prasad of Bijapar; Badri of Mohanpur; Sarvjit Das of Chandan Bhushan of Mithora, Shankar Kalwar of Brijamganj; Garun Lal of Sabaya; Mudhuli Udayabh Mishra and many other fighters in different parts of the district district have led the masses and Prof. Baban gave full support to the Red Saxena. All the activists, including Prof. Saxena, had to go to jail in the Jijagaran campaign. There have been many types of harassment to the supporters. But when the wave of awakening was running, there was no one in the power to stop it and in 1947 the freedom of all was achieved.
This information on this page is incomplete that Prof. Sibbanlal Saxena was in charge of the Congress command. As far as I am aware that Prof. Saxena had taken over the Congress from the Bamboo Pahar Mishra resident Pandit Mishra of the Congress-led Swachh Bharat Vikas section before the establishment of the RSS. Pandit Mishra was the same person who was locked in Gorakhpur jail with Pandit Nehru, and when he became the Prime Minister, for the first time Maharaj came to Maharajganj, the name of Pandit Mishra was taken from the stage.
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