Anglo-Iraqi treaties

Faisal I at his coronation in 1921

Anglo-Iraqi treaties are a series of agreements concluded between the Iraqi government and the British mandate in the 1920s and 1930s.

The territory of today's Iraq, consisting of the formerly Turkish Vilâyet Mosul, Baghdad and Basra, was under British control after the end of the Ottoman Empire after the First World War. At the conference of San Remo in 1920, Great Britain was awarded the territory of the League of Nations as a mandate area. The three Vilâyet were merged into the British Mandate of Mesopotamia. After the Iraqi uprising of 1920/1921, a Haschemite monarchy with King Faisal I was established as the first ruler in Iraq. With this new government, the British concluded the first Anglo-Iraq treaty in 1922, which gave Great Britain a control function in the country's administration for a fixed period of 20 years. In the Treaty of 1926, this period was shortened to 10 years, and thus the dismissal of Iraq into national independence for 1932. The last Anglo-Iraq treaty dates from 30 June 1930 and committed both states to foreign policy cooperation and military assistance. He also secured Britain's military presence in the form of military bases at Basra and Habbaniya.

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