Sarpaghanda
Dakibajpatri of Sarpagandha ApoSignasi family, multi-year shrubber is suppurat and important medicinal plant. The plant was first addressed by Leonard Ralph in 1582 AD. Sarpagandha is one of the main medicines in the traditional medicine of India and China. In India, the history of its use is 3000 years old. Sarpagandha plant has an elevation of 6 inches to 2 feet. Its main root is usually from 20 Me Till lengthy. There is no branch in the root. Sarpagandha leaf is an example of a simple leaf. Its stem is covered with thick bark. Its flowers are pink or white. These are found in clumps. In India, it is cultivated in flat and mountainous regions. Sarpagandha plants naturally grow everywhere in West Bengal and Bangladesh.
In the Sarpagandha, an alkali named Rispin and Raulphin is found. It is known in the name of Sarpagandha that it comes in the name of the drug on the snake bite. Apart from biting the snake it is also relieved by putting it on the place of scorpion cutting. The root of this plant produces medicines from stems and leaves. Its root contains about 25 alkaline substances, starch, resins and some salts. Sarpagandha is said to be hypnotic in Ayurveda. Its main element is Rispin, which has become a medicinal plant all over the world, many elements have been extracted from its root, in which the alkali rispin, serpentine, edamelicin are the main ones used for high blood pressure, insomnia, mania Medicines preventing diseases like hysteria, etc. It contains 1.7 to 3.0% of the alkaloids, including rispin Ramuk Its properties surly, is scathing pungent, ripeness juice and its effect hypnotics.
Raising the roots of two-three-year-old plant in a dry place, the medicines that are manufactured, use them in the treatment of hypertension, contraction of the uterus wall. The juice of its leaf is squeezed and used as medicine in the eye. It is used to make medicines for the brain. Sarpagandha root juice is useful in removing insomnia, hysteria and mental stress. The root of this root is very beneficial for the stomach. This eliminates the worm inside the stomach.
History of Sarpagandha
Sarpagandha has an interesting history. The description of the plant Charak (1000-800 BC) has done the Sanskrit name Sarpagandha as a beneficial antidote to the treatment of snakebite and insecticide. There are many stories related to Sarpagandha. According to one such story, the cobra snake acquires strength by sucking the leaves of mangoose serpents before the war. According to the second story, putting snake leaves of Sarpagandha under snakebite under the soles of the feet gives relief. According to another legend, the use of the roots of Sarpagandha by the madman gets rid of madness. For this reason, Sarpagandha in India is also known as Mad-Kiya-Drug.
There are different opinions about the naming of Sarpagandha. According to one such opinion, the name of this vegetation was called Sarpagandha because the snake ran away after finding the scent of this vegetable. According to the second opinion, since Sarpagandha is rooted in a snake like a serpent, it is known as Sarpagandha. But both of them said are misleading and unrealistic. The name of the plant is known as Sarpagandha, because in ancient times it was especially used in the form of antidote to the treatment of snakebite. In the seventeenth century, French botanist Plumiers gave the name of Sarpagandha to the generic name Raoulia, in honor of the eminent physician, botanist, traveler and writer Leonard Rauwolf of Augsburg (Augsburg) Germany in the sixteenth century.
The English Rumphius has written about Sarpagandha that in India and Java (Indonesia) this plant was used to disable all types of toxins. It was internally applied in the form of extracts and externally made roots and leaves in the form of sticks made of roots and leaves. This was a valuable drug for the treatment of snakebite and also toxic snake venom like Cobra. Internal use of serpaganda was used to treat fever, cholera and dysentery. The juice of the leaves was also used in the treatment of cataract.
According to the English rumphias, Sarpagandha is the same plant which is consumed by the neem to protect its life even after being bitten by poisonous snake. Sir William Jones, the founder of the Sietic Society of Bengal, has also narrated something similar about Sarpagandha. According to William Roxburgh, father of Indian botany, 'oiling physician' (Vaidya) used serpagandas to be feverish, toxic, and during unborn conditions during child birth. Characteristics of Sarpagandha
Sarpagandha is a small, evergreen, multi-year old bushy plant whose roots go deep into the soil. The studs are about 18-20 inches tall and are crispy. The root of the root is yellowish yellow. The color of the bark of the plant is yellow. Leaves are clustered, 3-7 inches long, lens size and stem. The leaves are dark green in color and light color below. Flowers usually appear in the winter months of November-December. Fruits are attached to the drupe type and the small fleshy one or two-two. Green fruit becomes purple black on the fruit. Distribution area and ecology
Sarpagandha is distributed in the tropical Himalaya and in the lower regions of the Himalayas from Sirhind to Sikkim in the east. This plant is also found in Assam state. Sarpagandha is found on the banks of the west coast in peninsular India. It is also found in Andaman and Nicobar islands.
Sarpagandha is distributed in the Asia continent, in addition to India, in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, China and Japan. In addition to Asia's continent, Sarpagandha is also found in South America and Africa continents.
Sarpagandha usually grows successfully in bio-rich acidic sandy loam and clayey loam soil whose pH value is between 6.5 to 8.5. It is commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical climates, with heavy rainfall in the monsoon months between June and August. The temperature between 10 to 38 degrees Celsius is ideal for the growth of this plant. Sarpagandha usually likes damp and shady place but is sensitive to water logging. Multi-yearly leafy leaves fall in northern India in winter (dry season). Medicinal properties of Sarpagandha
The medicinal properties of Sarpagandha are found mainly in the roots of the plant. More than 55 alkalis are found in the root of Sarpagandha. Almost 80 percent of the alkaline concentrate in the bark of roots. The amount of whole base in plant roots remains 0.8 - 1.3 percent. The serpents of Sarpagandha are divided into two groups- (i) Egmlin group and (ii) serpentine group.
Agmaline Group contains Ajmaline, Ajmalinine and ajmalicin (Ajmalicine). Whereas Serpentine and Serpentinine come under the Serpentine group. Others include salicylic acid such as Reserpine, Rescinnamine, Yohimbine, Sarpagine and Raucaffricine, in which the most important is the raspberry. Therefore, now the Sarpagandha bases can be divided into three categories -
(i) गहरे-पीत वर्ण के चतुर्थक एनहाइड्रोनियम समाक्षार (deep-yellow coloured quaternary anhydronium bases), (ii) मध्य प्रबल इण्डोलीन क्षार (the intermediate strong indoline alkaloids) तथा (iii) कमजोर समाक्षारीय इण्डोल क्षार (weak basic indole alkaloids)। अंत की दो श्रेणियां वर्णहीन होती हैं।
In the roots of Sarpagandha plants, Ajmaline, Serpentine and Serpentine bacteria stimulate the Central Vat Nadi institute. Serpentine is more effective in it. All other alkalis and alcoholic extracts, including the above three salts, have sedative and hypnotic properties. Certain alkalis are depressants for the heart, blood vessel and blood vessels controlling center.
Resurpine base is more executive than others. This pulse does not cause a ganglionic blockade in the tubers, but it seems that the reduction of blood pressure (hyperpiesis) is due to its effect in some parts due to the central inhibition of sympathetic nervous system.
In the roots of Sarpagandha, additionally, alioreacin, steral (surposterar), unsaturated alcohols, oleic acid, fumaric acid, glucose, sucrose, oxymethylantheraquinone and mineral salts are also found in the roots of serpaganda. In all of these, the oleoresin is actively working and is responsible for the sedative action of the drug. Medicinal uses of Sarpagandha
The intricacies of serpents are nutritious, feverish, sleepy, sedative, uterus stimulant and poisonous. In ancient times, the use of the roots of Sarpagandha in the treatment of snakebite and insecticide was used as an effective antidote. Tribes residing in the hot and tropical dense forests of Malaysia and Indonesia still use serpaganda in the treatment of insecticides, snakes and apes. In traditional medicine, the use of serpagana roots is used in the treatment of high blood pressure, fever, neoplasia, diarrhea, insomnia, abdominalis, cholera etc. It is used in vigilance and cholera with the God of the Origin, in the abdomen with the wild ring, with cough in diarrhea and in the feces with pepper and chilli.
Root juice or extracts is a valuable medicine for high blood pressure. Root extracts are also used in the treatment of pimples and boils. Extraction of roots is given (to increase the contraction of the baby) to make the child's birth accessible during labor. Root Extraction is also used in the treatment of hysteria and epilepsy. In addition, in the treatment of panic and insanity, the roots of Sarpagandha are also used.
The juice of Sarpagandha leaves is used to raise eye flame. Sarpagandha is also used in the treatment of skin diseases such as psoriasis and itching. Traditionally, women use snake-gandh to cry for the children crying. Medicines made from roots in modern medicine (AloePath) are used to reduce high blood pressure and to treat insomnia in the form of autopsy.
In addition to treatment of hyperchondria and other types of mental disorders. The use of drugs made from Sarpagandha is used in the treatment of neuropathic neuropsychiatrics in allopathic treatment (elderly vertebral, angina pectoris and acute or irregular heart operations), menstrual molinimia and menopausal syndrome. Due to the decreasing population of Sarpagandha
There are many reasons for the declining population of Sarpagandha, due to the excessive absorption, weak regeneration capacity, expansion in agriculture area due to increasing population, indiscriminate use of pesticides and pesticides and urbanization are important. For the use of medicinal and commercial use, excess absorption is the main reason for the declining population of snakes. Since the medicinal properties of serp Gandhas are present in the roots, therefore, the entire plant has to be destroyed to get the roots because the plants can not be obtained without destroying roots. This weakness is one of the main reasons for the continuous falling population of Sarpagandha.
Due to the increasing human population, the expansion of the agricultural area has resulted in the destruction of the natural habitats of Sarpagandha and become converted into arable land. Similarly, as a result of urbanization, the natural habitat of Sarpgandha has been damaged, which has led to a decline in the population of this medicinal plant. Due to the indiscriminate use of pesticides in modern agriculture, plants of Sarpagandha along with desired weeds are destroyed.
Similarly, due to the indiscriminate use of pesticides, useful insects promoting pollination are also destroyed, which affects the process of pollination, resulting in adverse effects on the reproductive capacity of this insect pollinated plant. Traditionally, the forests of the sub-Himalayan region are the reserves of Sarpagandha vegetation but due to deforestation in large scale on these areas, there has been an unprecedented decrease in forest area, which has affected the transparency. Protection of Sarpagandha
Since Sarpagandha is an important medicinal plant, its conservation is the greatest requirement of the times today. Protection of endangered serpent in the country can be protected by adopting in situ conservation and ex situ conservation methods. Protection of the natural habitat of Sarpagandha in the place of protection is extremely important, to prevent it from shrinking its natural habitat.
The natural habitats of Sarpagandha need to be converted into the Gene Sanctuary. Conservation and deliverance of natural habitat will provide protection to Sarpagandha automatically. Under the protection of outskirts, Sarpagandha is required to grow on a large scale in human safety at a safer place outside its natural habitat, so that the plants can get expansions and protection. Preservation of snake under the exosphere protection is also essential as germplasm in gene bank.
In order to expand this precious vegetable, the use of modern techniques like tissue culture under biotechnology requires time for the protection of serpents. There is also a need to motivate and encourage farmers to cultivate Sarpagandha in an agricultural country like India. The cultivation of Sarpagandha will not only help in its protection, but farmers will also be able to earn this economic benefit.
wiki