Vedic literature

Vedic literature is the light of the oldest form of Indian culture and the ancient literature of the world. Vedic literature is also called 'Shruti', because the creator Brahmaji has received the Vedas from the viewpoint of God. Other sages also accepted this literature as literary tradition. The original mantra part of the Vedas is called the Code. Under the Vedic literature, many Upanishads, Aranyakas and Subweeds of all the Vedas written above were also given below. Their language is Sanskrit which is called Vedic Sanskrit according to its distinct identity - the use and meaning of these Sanskrit words are known to have changed or disappeared in the earliest times. Historically, they are considered to be a good to ancient India and Hind-Arya race. They have literary significance even in the ancient form of Sanskrit language.

According to the composition, the classification of Vedic words of each branch - is divided into four parts. In addition to the first part (code), there are three levels of criticism or commentary. In total, these are:

When we talk about four Vedas, then it means the meaning of the Code division. Upanishad (interpretation of the rishis), Brahmin (meaning) etc. is considered as the holy book of Mantra Bhag (Codehi). The Vedas are 4: the brothers, the gods, the Yajus and the Atharva.

Vedic literature period There is a sufficient disagreement among the scholars of this subject that when the Vedas were composed and described the period of civilization in them. Indians consider the Vedas as apurushya (not made by any man), so being continual does not raise the question of their time-determination; But western scholars consider them to be the creation of the rishis and in relation to its time, they have many imaginations. The first of the imagination is of Max Muller. He passed the period of Vedic literature from 1200 B.C. From 600 B.C. Believed. The second idea is of German scholar Winternitz. It is the period of the beginning of the Vedic literature from 2500-2000 BC Up to Tilak and Jacob, based on the condition of the constellations described in the Vedic literature, started the period of this literature from 4500 B.C. agreed. Mr. Avinashchandra Das and Pavagi have appointed Rig Veda several hundred thousand years ago by the geological subject described in Rig Veda. Classification of Vedic literature

Vedic literature is divided into the following parts -

(1) Code, (2) Brahmins and Aranyak, (3) Upanishad (4) Vedanga (5) Formula-literature Code

Code means Collection. There are compilations of the various mantras of various deities in the codes. The codes are four- (1) Rig (2) Yajush, (3) Sam and (4) According to Atharv ancient tradition, Vedas are continual and inauspicious. He was never created by a man. At the beginning of creation, God gave his light to the saints named Agni, Vay Aditya and Angira. Every Vedic Mantra has the God and Sage. The person who is praised in the mantra is the god of that mantra and who has performed the first of the meaning of the mantra, it is his sage. Western scholars consider the rishis as the creators of Vedas. Vedic literature is also called Shruti, because the old sages took this literature from auditory tradition. Later, the books written after remembrance of this knowledge were called as memory. At the top of Shruti there are the above four codes. Rig Veda

There are 10,600 mantras and 1,028 sperms in the Rig Veda, they are divided into ten circles. There are prayers in the hymns. These are grand, sublime and full of poetry. Among them are the futility of fiction, the description of the maturity and the high flight of talent. The descriptions of many deities like 'Usha' are very heartbreaking. Western scholars consider the code of the Rig Veda as the oldest. His idea is that most of the Suktas were composed in Punjab. At that time the Aryans were spread from Afghanistan to Ganga and Yamuna. In his opinion, the Rigveda has five rivers of Kutub (Kabul), Suvastu (Swat), Kramu (Kurram), Gomti (Gomal), Sindhu, Ganga, Yamuna Saraswati and five rivers of Punjab, Satudri (Satluj), Vipasha (Vyas), Parushani (Ravi) , Asvani (Chanab) and Dastaasta (Jhelam) are mentioned. It is considered as the birth place of Arya-civilization in India which is irrigated by these rivers. Yajurveda

There is a collection of sacrificial mantras in it. During his yajna he used to be a priest named Aadarayu. There are 40 chapters in the Yajur Veda And in the 1975 Mantra lies Western scholars consider it a long time after the Rig Veda. In the Rig Veda, the working area of ​​the Aryans is in Punjab, in it Kuru-Panchal. Kuru is the intermediate terrain of the Satluj Yamuna (presently the Ambala division) and Panchal was the doab of Ganga-Yamuna. From this time the Ganga-Yamuna region became the center of Arya-civilization. Religion of Rigveda was worship-worshiper, but Yajurveda has two distinctions- Krishna Yajush and Shukla Yajush. There is a great difference in the nature of both, in the first, there is only a collection of monks and in the second there are all the participating festivals with devoted mantras. Samaveda

There is a collection of lyric monsters. On the occasion of the sacrifice, the god used to call home was singing praises to the god in proper form. This singing was called 'Sama'. Often the coins were sung only. Therefore, all Samaveda has the same richness. Their number is 1,549. Of these only 75 are new, the rest are taken from the Rig Veda. The origin of Indian music is available in the Samaveda. Atharvaveda

It has very little relation with the yagna. It has more Ayurvedic content. Its theme is described in different types of herbs, fever, jaundice, snakebite, mantra to remove the poison effect, the health of the sun, the adrenaline of the disease-causing germ, and the benefit of sacrificing the yagya in this Vedas and the Yajna There is also a description of defense. They see a combination of Arya and Nonviolence religious ideas in it, but in reality it has many high principles of politics and sociology. There are 20 books, 34 readers, 111 saints, 731 sutras, and 5,839 mantras, among which 1200 mantras have been taken from Rigveda. The above four codes were said in the first place. Vedavasan had divided four divisions for the sacrifice. Branches of the Vedas

In ancient times, the Vedas were protected by the Guru-Disciple Parampara. With no written and definite form of them, there was some difference in the nature of the Vedas and their branches developed. There were five branches of Rig Veda - Shashriyashakal, Bachchal, Awalayan, Shankhayan and Mandukai. Now the first branch is available in these. This branch is the main caste. Shukla Yajurveda has two main branches - the mean and the Kanavya. First comes in northern India and in second Maharashtra. There is no more difference between them. There are four branches of Krishna Yajurveda nowadays - Taitriya Maitreyaani, Kattak, Kad and Kaapalal Samhita. They meet the second-third first, there is a slight difference in order. Only half of the fourth branch is available. This is Ved Brahmasamadayaka. There were two branches of Samaveda - Kothum and the kingly. In it only Kaithum receives only seven readers. This branch is also Aditya sampradaya. Two branches of Atharva Veda are available - Pappalad and Shaunak. At present, the Shanak branch is fully received and this branch is Aditya Samadaya. Brahmins

Although the ancient tradition is Mantranbrahmano: according to Vedamadhayam, Brahmin is the only part of the Veda. However, after the codes, Brahmins and texts are believed to be constructed. These include detailed descriptions of the Karma Kolkata, as well as the derivatives of words and the stories of ancient kings and rishis and creation-related ideas. Each Ved has its Brahmin. There are two Brahmins of Rigveda - (1) Aerobics and (2) Kaushitiki. The chaos has 40 chapters and eight panchayas, in which the wide range of Somayagas, Agnihatra and Rajasthanak, such as Agnitstom, Ghaviman, Dushashshah etc is Brahmin-similar. They have a lot of light on this history. Shun in the arena: The famous legend of Sheet. Conspiracies seem to be emphasized on North Sam study studies in North India. The Brahmin of Shukla Yajurveda is famous as Shatpath, because there are a hundred chapters in it. After Rig Veda, it is the most important information about ancient history. It describes many ancient texts, derivatives and social issues with detailed descriptions of the yagans. During this time Kuru-Panchal was the center of Arya culture, in which Puranova and Uvashi's grandmother, Chavan Rishi and the epic of great tribulation, mention the birth of Janamajay, Shakuntala and Bharat. Panchayat or tandya is important from many Brahmins of the Samajwadi. The Brahmin of Atharvaad is famous as the name of the secret. Bedouin

At the end of the Brahmins, there are some chapters that did not read in villages or cities. Their study-teaching was done away from the villages in the oranges (forests), so they are called the Aaranya. In order to instruct the yagya in the house of the house, the Brahmanical texts were useful, and after that the Vanvasaras used to study the arrivals of the astrologers explaining the mysteries and philosophical elements of Arya Yagnya. Upanishads grew from these shelters. Upanishad

An attempt has been made to solve the human-life and world's insensitive questions in Upanishads. These are the magnificent gems of Indian Spirituality. Their main theme is the theology of Brahma Vidya. In Vedic literature they are also called 'Vedanta' due to their location in the last. In this, high philosophical blows have been taken by rendering the unity of life and Spirit. The Upanishads are their priceless treasures, the Indian saints who interviewed the spiritual entities from the greatest thought. These are the result of the principle and anxiety of many centuries. There are 108 Upanishads associated with the Vedicopanishad four Vedas, but the 11 Upanishads are more famous - Ish, Ken, Kad, Question, Mundak, Mandukya, Tattiri, Atreya, Chhandogya, Brihadaranyak and Shwetaasvarar were considered to be chhnodogya and brihadaranyika more ancient and important. Are there. This principle is seen in the Vedic literature: Each Upanishad, one Upanishad was included in another Brahmin division. Now disappearing forever. Still, this principle is left in Shukla Yajurveda - Ishvasayonishad is a monthopanishad and Brahminicopanishad is a Brahminopanishad. Formula-literature

On the vast and complex of Vedic literature, rituals related to rituals were given a new look. In the shortest terms, in the short sentences of greater interpretation, all important legislative laws were introduced. These abstract sentences were called formulas. Ritualistic literature-literature was divided into four parts -

(1) Arthot Sutra (2) Home formula (3) Dharma Sutras and (4) Shulb Sutras

In the beginning, the vedic yagya related ritual is described. In the second, the daily sacrifices of the householder, third rule of social rules and the fourth, to build the Yajna-altars. Hearing aid

Shraut means Yagya Yag associated with Shruti (Vedas). Therefore, in Shrut Sutras, the description of three types of firefighters such as Agnihotra, Purnamas, Chaturmasadi, ordinary yagna, and Agnishom etc. are somaiyagas. They put a lot of light on the ancient yagya system of India. There are two archetypes of Rig Veda - Shankhayan and Awalayan. One-Katyayana of Shukla Yajurveda: There are six sources of Krishna Yajurveda- Apestamb, Hiranyakeshi, Boudhyan, Bhardwaj, Manav, Vaikhanas. There are three formulas named Samyavad's Latyayan, Drahmayana and Arshaye. Atharvaveda has the same rhetoric formula. Home formula

These are the descriptions of those ideas and the rites performed to be born from birth, whose rituals were considered essential for every Hindu householder. Upanayan and marriage rites are described in detail. From the study of these texts, the domestic conduct of ancient Indian society and the introduction of customs of different regions becomes completely complete. Rigveda's home formulas are Shankan and Awalayan. Shukla Yajurveda Paraskar, Krishna Yajurveda Apestamb, Hiranyakeshay, Boudhayan, Manav, Kathak and Vaikhanas, Govil of Samaveda and Khadir and Kaushik of Atharva Veda. Among them, Gobhilak is considered to be the oldest. Scripture

The rules of social life in the scriptures are extensively rendered. Explaining Varanashram-religion, Brahmachari, Gharastra and Raja's duties, the differences in marriage, arrangement of right, prohibited food, purification, penance etc. are a special description. Memories originated from these same religions, whose systems are considered honorable in the Hindu society till date. Only three Dharmasutra associated with the Vedas have been available till now - Apstab, Hiranyakeshi and Boudayan. These are affiliated to the Taitariya branch of Krishna Jurveda. Shuklajurveda has heard of being a converged Dharmasutra. Among the other Dharmasutras, Gautamadhamsutra associated with samayveda and Vagishadhra Sutra associated with Rigvedes are remarkable. Sulb formula

They are related to audiences. Shulb means a measuring thread. According to their name, in Shulb Sutras, detailed descriptions of topics like measuring yajna-altars, choosing a place for them and making them. These are the oldest sources of Indian geometry. Vedang Main article: Vedang

After much time passed, Vedic literature seemed to be complex and difficult. At that time many texts were written to explain the meaning of the Vedas and topics. So they were called Vedanga.

Vedang is six -

Education, Character, Grammar, Nirukta, Aang and Astrology

In order to understand the correct pronunciation and meaning of the first four Vedas, and to understand the time of the last two religious rituals and sacrifices, it is necessary. Grammar is called the mouth of the Vedas, to the astrologer the eye, the Nirukat to the person, the kalp to the hand, education to the nostrils and the feet both legs. Education

Those texts are called education, with the help of which the knowledge of Vedas was pure knowledge. Vedas had special significance in vowels. Separate Vedanga was built for their education. There are several rules of utterance of the letters in it. This is the first volume to describe the scientific interpretation of scripture in the world. They belong to different branches of Vedas and are called as Pratyakhya. Rigveda Atharva Vedas, Vajasayani and Tattriya Samhitas get the answers. Later on, education texts were written on its basis. Among them are the Yajnavalkya-education of Shukla Yajurveda, Narada education of Samaveda and the Pananei education of Panini are the main ones. The shaft

Vedic mantras are chhandoghodh. The correct pronunciation of the Vedas can not be pronounced without obtaining proper knowledge of the rocks. So detailed explanations of the tables were considered necessary. In Shankan Muni's Rikapratishakshya, this Shastra is a systematic description in Shankhanyan Shrautasutra and Samveda related diagnosis formula. But this Vedang's only independent book is Pingalacharya-Pranit Roop Sutra. It describes the vedic and temporal forms of both types. Grammer

The aim of this organ was to get knowledge of the treaty, word form, metallic form and their method of production. At this time, the most famous text of grammar is the octagonal of Panini; But the idea of ​​grammar started from the time of Brahmanical texts. Prior to Panini, there were many great teachers of Grammatical, Blasting, Bharadwaj etc. Grammar. All of these texts are now extinct. Noiseless

In this the derivation of Vedic words was shown. In ancient times, the orderly tables of the Vedas' difficult words and the Kosh were called the Nunchanu and their interpretation was in Nirukat. Nowadays, only Yasakaacharyas are left free. Its time is 800 BC Is almost. Astrology

There was a belief in the Vedic era that the purpose of the Vedas is to interpret the offerings of the Yajnas. Yajna is beneficial only when it is done in proper time and Muhurta. Therefore, knowledge of astrology has been considered essential for time-knowledge. Thus, astrologer went to know the lord of the zodiac. Thus astrology was developed. It began to be considered as a part of Veda. Its oldest text is Vaandang Jyotish Panch Sangsamamammanamadhyuni ​​written 44 verse. In Nepal, the Vedic calendar has been brought into practice based on this granth. Kalpa sutra

Four types of formulas called Shrut, Home, Dharma and Shulb are called Kalpasutra only. These have been described above.

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