Salmon

For other uses, see Salmon (Multicapular). Major Pacific Salmon Species: Sokai, Cham, Coastal, Cutthrough Trout, Chinook, Kowho, Steelhead and Pink

The common name given to the fish of different species of salmonidae is salmon. Many other fishes in this family are called trout; It is often said that the salmon is displaced and trout is inhabited, a hold that is true for salmon genus. Salmon lives in both places, in the Atlantic (an exotic species Salmo Salar) and in the Pacific Ocean, as well as in the Great Lakes (about a dozen species of the Oncorbinus genus).

Usually, salmon is anadromous, they are born in fresh water, are displaced in the ocean and then return to fresh water for reproduction. However, there are rare species that can survive only in fresh water. It is said in folklore that the fish returns to the right place to lay eggs where it was born; Tracking studies have shown that this is true, but there is a long debate on the nature of the work of this memory.

Life Cycle Eggs at different stages of development Only a few in some cells grow above the yolk; in the lower right part the yolk is surrounded by blood vessels and the black eyes in the upper left part and even the small lenses are also visible, Salmon Fry serving eggs; The baby has grown around the remains of the yolk - the arteries circling around the yolk are appearing and along with small oil spills, the main blood vessel of the intestine, the spine, the tail, the bladder and the gills Arcs are also visible

Salmon eggs are usually given on high latitudes in freshwater currents. In the process of incubation, eggs become alvein or sauc fries. With camouflaged vertical strips, fries grow rapidly in the cross. For six months to three years, it remains in its native stream, after which it becomes a smolt, which is identified with its bright silver color and which easily erases. It is estimated that only 10% of all salmon eggs survive to this level. There is a change in the chemistry of the body of Smolt, which allows them to live in salt water. Smolts spend their time outside their stay in salt water, where their physical chemistry becomes accustomed to osmoragulation in the ocean.

Salmon spends one to five years (depending on species) in the open ocean where they become sexually mature. Adult salmon returns mainly to its birth stream to give eggs. In Alaska, salmon population increases in other currents by moving into other streams, as they come in the form of glacier withdrawal. The precise methodology of how salmon guides its way is not yet installed, though its deep understanding of the odor is included in it. Atlantic Salmon lives in the ocean for one to four years. (When a fish returns after staying in sea in just one year, it is called grillace in Britain and Ireland.) Before giving the egg, on the basis of species, the salmon passes through the change. They can get their hunch, canine teeth, can develop epoxy (clear curvature of the jaw in male salmon). Everything changes, a dark blue sea fish changes in a dark color. Salmon works amazingly, sometimes runs hundreds of miles against strong currents and comes back for generation. Chinook and Soke Salmon of Central Idaho, for example, travels more than 900 miles (1,400 km) and when it comes back to give the egg, then approximately 7,000-feet (2,100 m) from the Pacific Ocean. ) Climb. The condition starts to worsen when the fish gets more in freshwater and they get worse when they lay eggs, they are called celtts. In the current species of Pacific salmon, mature salmon dies within few days of laying eggs, this characteristic is known as melléparity. 2% of Atlantic salmon celtts and 4% survive to re-lay eggs, all females. However, in those species of salmon, which survive (euterparity) survival, they also have a high rate of post mortem after birth (probably 40 to 50%)

The female salmon uses the tail (caudal fin), which makes it an area of ​​low pressure, raises the gravel and sends it downwards and creates a shallow slope called red. Sometimes there are 5000 eggs in red, which cover 30-square-foot (2.8 m²). Eggs are usually ranged from orange to red. One or more males come to the female and deposits on their sperm, or mint flies. The female then shakes the market in the upper section and covers the eggs and then goes to make the second mermaid. The female can make up to 7 until the supply of her eggs is finished. Male chinook of ocean phase Male pinch of sweet water stage

Every year, this fish passes through a period of rapid growth, often in summer and at a slow pace, usually in winter, usually in winter. This results in rings (angled) that correspond to the development rings that appear in a tree's stem. Dense rings appear in the growth of fresh water, there are widely spread rings in the growth of the sea, due to the transformation of body mass to egg and mitto for fertility, there is considerable erosion.

Freshwater rivers and estuaries provide important habitat for many species of salmon. At the time of puberty, they feed on terrestrial and aquatic insects, amphipodes and other crustaceans and eat mainly on other fishes when grown up. Eggs are given in deep gravel deep water and the developing embryo requires cool water and good flow of water (for oxygen supply). In the early stages of salmon life, the mortality rate is usually high, due to natural prey and man-made changes in habitat such as siltation, high temperature of water, low oxygen concentration, loss of currents and flow of the river. Decrease. Before going to the open ocean, the lake and the adjoining wetlands, Salman provides the main nursery area. Wetlands not only provide resistance to the swine and pollutants, but also provide a significant area of ​​hiding and eating. Species

Different species of salmon have many names and different behaviors. Atlantic Ocean Species Atlantic salmon

The species of the Atlantic Ocean, the Salmon genus. These include: Pacific ocean species

Pacific species are of Oncorhynchus, some examples include; Male Koh Sallman of the Sea Phase Real salmon Rainbow trout Male phase steelhead salmon

Steelheads are real salmon, which belong to classified family salmonidae, all modern texts listed it in this form. There is a lot of confusion about this and many books do not keep it clearly. Other species Salmon fisheries Sokai Salmon's Endogenous Zone in Becharof Creek, Becharof Jungle, Alaska

Salmon has long been the culture and livelihood of the coastal inhabitants. Many people of the North Pacific coast are celebrated for the first return of the year in honor ceremonies. For many centuries, people used to catch salmon when it came to the banks of the river giving egg. A famous fishery site in the Salilo Fall of the Columbia River was immersed when huge dams were built on the river. Anu of northern Japan taught dogs to catch salmon when the fish used to collectively collect their breeding areas. Now, salmon is caught near the creeks and shores.

Salmon's population level in Atlantic and parts of the Pacific are a matter of concern, but there is still plenty of abundance available in Alaska. In the special economic zone of the U.S., the fisheries policy of Pacific Salmon has been declared illegal, however, there is a publicly funded hatchery network, and the Alaska State's Fisheries Management System is seen as a leader in the management of wild fishery. is. Some of Alaska's most important salmon sustainable wild fisheries is located near the Kenai River, the Copper River and the bustle of Bristol. In Canada, the returning Skina River supports wild salmon commercial, subsistence and recreational fisheries as well as in this area's coastal wildlife and inland waters around communities. Wild salmon status is mixed in Washington. Of the 435 wild stocks of salmon and only 187 of the steelhead were classified as healthy; The situation of 113 was unknown, 1 was extinct, the condition of 12 was serious and the population of 122 was under subsistence. When the population of Columbia's river salmon came down, Lewis and Clark were now less than 3% compared to that time. Commercial adherence to salmon in California has either been either seriously reduced or completely closed in recent years, due to considerable reduction in the Kalmath and Sacramento rivers, commercial fishermen have lost millions of dollars. Both Atlantic and Pacific salmon are popular sports-fish. Fisheries Salmon farm in archepelago of Finland मुख्य लेख : Salmon in aquaculture

Salmon Fisheries is a major economic contributor to the global production of farmed fin-fish, which provides U $ 1 billion every year. Other species of fish that are commonly cultivated include: tilapia, catfish, sea bass, carp, bream and trout. Salmon farming is very large in Chile, Norway, Scotland, Canada and Faroe Islands, and this is the source of salmon consumed in America and Europe. Very small amounts of Atlantic salmon are cultivated in Russia and Australia's Tasmania island.

Salmon is a carnivorous and is currently fed other wild fish and sea creatures in the form of food. Due to the cultivation of salmon, the demand for wild forage fish is greatly increased. Salmon requires a large nutritional protein and as a result, the number of salmon obtained in the form of fishery is much less than the number of fish eaten by them. They produce several pounds of wild fish for the production of a pound of farmland. As the salmon farming industry is growing, it is more necessary for wild forage fish to be consumed, at a time when seventy five percent of the world's fisheries have already exceeded their maximum sustainable yield. On the industrial scale evacuation of wild forage fish for the cultivation of salmon, there is danger to the existence of wild hunter fishes which depend on these fish.

An attempt to provide vegetable protein in the salmon diet is replacing animal protein. Unfortunately, due to this replacement, the quality of the highly valued omega-3 content in the product is low.

Intensive salmon farming now uses open mesh which has less production costs but the disadvantage is that local wild salmon is prone to spread disease.

2-4 kg of wild fish is needed for the production of one kilo salmon on dry-dry basis. Artificial-incubated lemon salmon

Another method of salmon production is safe but less controllable, it is to consolidate salmon in hatcheries until they become big enough to be free. They are then released in rivers, often in an attempt to increase the population of salmon. This system is referred to as animal husbandry and in countries like Sweden and Norway, it has been done very long ago, but seldom can be done by private companies, as an economic benefit, they can be anyone. When the salmon returns to the possibility of a company to make limited eggs. Because of this, this method has been used by various public institutions and non-profit groups, such as by the Cook Inlet Aquaculture Association, which strive to increase the salmon population, in places where they have built dams, over-consumption , The housing decreases are reduced due to depletion. Unfortunately, such manipulation of the population can have negative consequences, such as genetic "Mandal" and many jurisdictions have now decided in favor of crop control and habitat improvement and protection for this cultivation. It is said that sea animal husbandry, a type of stocking fish, is under development in Alaska. There the young salmon is left in the ocean, away from the wild salmon. When they have time for their eggs, they return there only where they were released and where the fishermen can catch them.

An alternative method for hatchery is to use the channels of egg. These are artificial currents, usually parallel to an existing stream, which are curved and curly and gravely. By the side of the water, the water is inserted through the pipes at the top of the channel and sometimes through the pond so that the sediments are sitting below. The success of egging is often more successful in the channel than the side of the side, due to which the flood that can wash the natural red for a few years. Due to lack of flood, channels should sometimes be cleaned to remove sediment. The same flood that destroys the natural red, cleanses it. Egg channels protect natural selection of natural herbs because there is no attraction, as in hatcheries, the use of prophylactic chemicals to control disease.

Farming salmon is carotenoid syntax fed with acethenanthin and, because their meat salmon corresponds to the wild color. Illness and paralysis : Fish diseases and parasites Heneguea Salminicola, a maxoxon parasite commonly found in the flesh of salmonide on the west coast of Canada. Coho salmon

According to Canadian biologist Dorothy Kieser, Maxozoa parasite Hennegua salmonikola is found in salmonides in the flesh, on a common tour. This has entered the field samples of salmon returning to Queen Charlotte Islands. In response, this fish closes parasitic infections in many milky fluid deposits. This fluid is a collection of a large number of parasites.

The life cycle of other parasites in Heneguea and the Mexosporian group is very complex where salmon is one of two hosts. Fish releases germs after ovulation. In the Henegua case, the bacteria enter into some other, possibly endogenous flow, into a weak host. When juvenile salmon is displaced in the Pacific Ocean, the second host leaves an infectious phase for a salmon. This parasite carries it to the next ovary cycle. The life cycle of the Mexosporian parasite, which spreads the wherling disease in trout, is similar. However, unlike the waring disease, henegua infection does not appear to cause any illness to the host salmon- but also the heavily-transmitted salmon fish also successfully lays off.

According to Dr. Kieser, scientists at the Pacific Biological Station located in Nanamo in the mid-1980s worked a lot on Heneguea Salminiocola, especially an observational report, according to which "the fish that live in fresh water for the longest time in their youth The most notable infections are found in them. Therefore, Koa is most infected in the order of dispersion, Sokai, Chinook, Cham and Pink Ease. Having come. " Also, this report says that, while live study was conducted, stocks were sold to British Columbia such as Fraser, Skina, Nash and B.C. Situated in the southern part of the Mainland coastal flux, the vast river systems were taken from the middle and upper reach of "The possibility of extensive infection would be reduced." It has also been reported in the report "It should be emphasized that despite Henneguya being financially harmful, it is not harmful to the health of the public, it is a completely parasitic fish which affects the hot blooded organisms including the man. Can not do it. "

According to the Malschelle Shellfish Program Specialist Klaus Schälle with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, "Henegua salminicola is found in all the species of salmon and in all species of salmon, according to the inspection agency, conch program expert with Canadian food," Heneguea SalminiCola BC is found and also found in all of the salmon species. I mentioned before for the high incidence of their infections that salmon smoking friends were surfing sides that were sieve with ulcers and some who enjoy Barclay Sound (Southern BC, run in the west coast of Vancouver Island). "

Calgus Clemensi and Caligus salmon with lymphaticus salmonis coligus and various species, Rosacrucci, especially in the sea lice, can be wild and can cause both farms of fatal infections. Sea lice are the ectoparasites, but feeds that can survive for swim, blood, skin and muscular tissues and wild salmon skin in Planktonic, normally swimming in the free open ocean on the latch, the navy and the copepoded insect stages, for many. Excessive populations, open pure salmon fields can create extraordinarily large concentrations of sea lice in large numbers, when the river is exposed to a large number of open form of aquifers, many young wild salmon are infected and do not survive as a result. . Adult salmon can escape the small number of sea lice which will be important for young salmon, but the salmon of migrating to the small, thin-skinned teenage sea is of extreme risk. On the Pacific coast of Canada, such affected areas in salmon pink death-induced lice-generally more than 80%. Environmental pressure All species of Pacific salmon die shortly after reproduction. This is a picture taken in a fish dendrogen area near Eagle Creek in Oregon.

Wild salmon populations have declined significantly in recent decades, especially the North Atlantic population, which is the result of egg and snakes in the waters of Western Europe and Eastern Canada and wild salmon in the river system in the northwestern United States of Colombia. The decline has been attributed to the following factors:

There are efforts to relieve the situation there. Governments, such as many NGOs and efforts are being made to reside and share the research.

The overall results are showing that some rivers exist for the estuarine but problems involving feeding in the sea based on the population are affected as well. 2008 returns to the Atlantic salmon on both sides of the clear Atlantic Ocean better, but no one knows whether it is a temporary improvement or a sign of a trend. Salmon and beaver

The Beechter's archival ecosystem engineer, and process in the dimming clearing, changes in the beaver massively their ecosystem. Beawar ponds can provide important habitat for teen salmon. An example of this was seen in Columbia river basin this year after 1818. In 1818, see the access of American citizens (Treaty of 1818) to allow the government to come to Columbia on an agreement made with the British Government catchment America. At the time, the Hudson Bay company sent the word for the company's net for an effort to deploy merchants American Fur Fibers to make less area in the catchy area than all. There is also a lack of factors like Plimetad, commonly associated with the death of run run of salmon salmon, to respond to the elimination of beaver from large parts of the river system. Salmon recruitment can be done by dams' beaver because dams can affect:

'Beaver dams are able to salvage adolescence in esturine tidal swamps, where salinity is less than 10ppm. Compared to beaver, generally, the construction of small dams is 2-feet (0.61 m) in the upper channel in the Mertal area. High tides can be overtoped in these dams and hold water in low tide. This salmon provides for the juvenile refugees so that they are no longer subject to big channels in swimming to do Prediction. Where they are. Salmon in the form of food Edouard Manet: Steady life with salmon

Salmon is a popular food. "An oil classified as fish", Salmon Vitamin D is high to be considered to be high for omega-high fish, contains high protein, 3 fatty acids, and ingredients. Salmon is also a source of cholesterol, 23-214 mg / 100g depending on the species with a boundary. According to the report in Science magazine, however, adherence can be high levels of salmon dioxin. (PCB biophhenyl polymerinated) levels can be up to eight times higher in salmon than the salmon in the wild salmon. Omega-3 content can also be lower compared to wild caught specimens and is found naturally in a different ratio. The Omega-3 EPA comes in three types, ALA, DHA, and wild salmon things, and has been an important source of work for the EPA, which are important among the traditional structures and DHA. If this adherence salmon is a meal which is partly cereal, then it is fed on the amount of omega-3, it will be present in the form of alpha linolenic acid (which means it means). EPA and DHA can convert the Omega-3 ALA to the body only, but less than a very inefficient rate (2-15%). However, the benefits of eating according to the Salmon also, published in a 2006 study of the Journal of the American Medical Association, still carry any risks imposed by the overturning of contaminants. Omega-3 can not be a factor in the health of other important types of types.

The rule of thumb is the simple one that the vast majority of Salmon Atlantic available on the world market are% (more than 99), majority of salmon Pacific are caught while wild- (more than 80%). Follow Salmon Atlantic number to grow wild salmon Atlantic 1 85. Raw salmon sashimi

Salmon meat is usually red orange, although there are some examples of white flasshed wild salmon. Salmon color natural results from carotenoid pigments, but also to a large extent, asexxanthine conthxanthin, in the flesh. Wild salmon shellfish is eating other small and krill mill these carotenoids. Because consumers are reluctant to buy a white fleshed salmon, icetexanthin (E161j) and very minute (E161g) canthaxanthin are added as artificial clutches to feed the salmon, because food naturally involves these pigments is not. In most cases, Axaxanithin is made chemically, alternatively this shrimp is extracted from the dough. Another possibility is the use of dried red yeast, which provides the same color. However, synthetic mixing is the least expensive option. Astaxanthin system is a powerful antioxidant that stimulates nervous healthy fish that enhances the growth rate and the breeding and development of fish. Research has shown that canthaxanthin eye can have an effect on human negative, accumulation in the retina at higher levels of consumption. Today, the concentration of carotenoids (mainly canthaxanthin and estaxanithin) is more than 8 kg / mg of meat and a level for the producers of all fish that used to show the "Roche Color Card", a color card on 16 Represents a value of how the pink fish will appear in specific quantities. This scale is typical for measuring the size of the eyestaxanthin pink, and the canthaxanthin obtained with orange color is not. The development of the processing and storage work, which can be harmful on meat canthaxanthin concentration, has led to an increased amount of pigment compensation for the degrading effects of added processing for the diet. In the fish wild, 25 mg of carotenoids are present above the level, but the levels of canthaxanthin are opposite, small,.

Canned in the United States is usually the wild salmon Pacific catch, although some of the cultured salmon is available in the canned farm. Smoking salmon is another popular preparation, cold and can either warm or smoke. Locks can also refer to saline solutions (either in one or the salmon salmon for cooling salmon or gravallax.) Traditional canned salmon has some skin (which is harmless) and bone (which is called calcium). And canned salmon is also available.

Aniseakis nematodes may be the parasite of salmon raw meat, the reason is that the marine anaciakasis Prior to the availability of refrigeration, Japan did not consume the salmon raw. Salmon and salmon roe sushi are only raw (fish used recently in making saasimi) and. Salmon in mythology

Salmon is an important creature in Celtic mythology and poems, which often linked them to knowledge and worship. In Irish mythology, an animal named Salman of Wisdom (or Salmon of Knowledge) plays a key role in a story called The Boyhood Deeds of Fion. Salmon will provide the power of knowledge to the eater, and for seven years he is found by a poet named Finn Aces. Eventually Finn Aces grabs the fish and gives his disciple Fiona Mackhill to cook it for himself. However, Fiona burns his thumbs with salmon juice and instantly puts his thumb in his mouth. Thus, he unknowingly benefits the knowledge of salmon. Somewhere in Irish mythology, there is also the incarnation of Salmon Tuan Mack Carril and Fintan Mack Bochra.

Salmon was also shown in Welsh mythology. Lead Liu is the oldest animal in Britain, in the prose tale Kalhwch and Oluwen, and it is the only creature to know the Mbone ap modron. After talking with one of the many ancient animals, who did not know his name, the men of King Arthur were taken to Bedouin and Kai to Salman of Lean Liu, who, sitting on their back, took the walls of Mabon prison in Gloucester According to the mythology, after the assassination of the blind Hoover God, killing his own brother Baldar, Loki feared the punishment of the other gods. Jumping has transformed himself into a salmon fish. When they laid a trap to catch him, he tried to leap out of the trap, but he was caught by Thore, as he was caught by his hands with his hands, Salman's cuff was buried.

In the mythology of American Native Americans living on the Pacific coast, salmon is central, from Hyde to Nootka. Also see them Notes Additional reading In Wikipedia cookbook Salmon Is an essay on

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